Building load calculation & energy modeling software

Design and size HVAC systems with precision, ensuring optimal performance for any building type.

System Design Features

• HAP uses a system-based approach to design calculations, which tailors sizing procedures and reports to the specific type of system being designed. This offers productivity advantages over simple "load calculation" programs which require the engineer to apply calculation results to size system components.
• Features are suitable for sizing systems involving rooftop units, variable refrigerant flow (VRF), central station air handlers, self-contained units, split DX systems, DX fan coils, hydronic fan coils, water source heat pumps, induction beams and active chilled beams.
• Provides features for quickly designing VRF, fan coil, WSHP and GSHP systems, by combining sizing results for many zone terminals in a single report.
• Provides sizing data for designing dedicated outdoor air systems (DOAS).
• Sizing data is provided for central cooling and heating coils, preheat and precool coils, fans, humidifiers, terminal reheat coils, CAV and VAV air terminals, fan powered mixing boxes, perimeter baseboard units, fan coils and terminal heat pumps plus chillers and boilers.
• Calculates required space, zone and system airflow rates. Calculations are tailored to the specific system type.
• Space minimum ventilation airflow requirements can be set based on ASHRAE® Standard 62.1 requirements, or user-defined values.
• System minimum ventilation airflow requirements can be calculated using the ASHRAE Standard 62.1 Ventilation Rate Procedure or can be calculated as a simple sum of space ventilation requirements.
• Uses ASHRAE Heat Balance method to calculate building loads.
• Key sizing reports summarize data needed for equipment selection in 2 simple pages.
• Additional reports provide component loads, hourly load profiles, detailed hourly performance data and psychrometric charts.
• The program is suitable for new construction and retrofit applications.

Provides features for copy-and-paste from displayed reports into other documents, and for saving reports as RTF-format documents. View Sample Reports

• Air System Sizing Summary: Sizing data for central cooling and heating coils, supply and return fans.
• Zone Sizing Summary: Peak loads and airflow rates for all spaces and zones served by the system. Also lists sizing data for zone reheat coils, mixing box fans and supplemental heaters. For VRF, DX fan coils, WSHPs and hydronic fan coils this report lists detailed airflow and coil sizing data for all indoor fan coil or WSHP units.
• Ventilation Sizing Summary: Documents how minimum ventilation airflow rates are calculated. Report has different content depending on whether ASHRAE Std 62.1 Ventilation Rate Procedure or Sum of Outdoor Airflows was chosen as the calculation method.
• Heat Balance Summaries: Three separate reports providing heat balance components on system, zone, and space levels, respectively. Reports can be generated for any hour of any design day during the year.
• Hourly Load Profiles: Two separate reports providing 24-hour profiles of loads and performance, available in both tabular and graphical formats. The system report lists system airflow rates and coil loads. The zone report lists zone loads, airflow rates, air temperatures and relative humidity. The reports can be generated for any design day during the year.
• System Psychrometrics: Tabular version of the report provides information about airflow rates, temperatures, humidities and heat flows for each point within the system. Useful for understanding and troubleshooting system operation. Graphical version of the report plots state points on a psychrometric chart. Can be generated for any hour of any design day.
• Plant Sizing Summaries: Separate reports provide sizing information for chilled water, hot water and steam plants serving one or more air systems.
• Chiller Load Profiles: Lists 24-hour profiles of loads for a chiller plant serving one or more air systems. Can be generated for any design day and can be graphed.

Compare energy consumption and costs of design alternatives to identify the most efficient solutions.

Energy Modeling Features

• HAP performs a true hour-by-hour energy analysis, using measured weather data for all 8,760 hours of the year to calculate building loads, air system operation and plant equipment operation.
• Hourly energy consumption by HVAC components (e.g., compressors, fans, pumps, heating elements) and non-HVAC components (e.g., lighting, office equipment, machinery) is tabulated to determine the total building energy use profile as well as daily and monthly totals.
• Energy consumption data and utility rate information is used to calculate the energy cost for each energy source or fuel type.
• Because energy modeling reuses input data from the system design work, typically 50% to 75% of the input work needed for an energy model is complete once you finish system design.

Summary reports provide comparisons of energy use and cost across alternate building designs, while detailed reports deliver annual, monthly, daily, and hourly performance data. Extensive graphics make it easy to identify patterns in equipment performance, and convenient features allow copy-and-paste from displayed reports into other documents or saving them as RTF files. Additionally, simulation results can be exported in .CSV format for seamless integration into spreadsheets.

• Comparative Building Reports: These reports summarize annual component costs and energy use for buildings. Results for as multiple alternative building designs can be compared side by side on these reports.
• Summary Building Reports: These reports list annual component costs and energy use for individual buildings, combining graphics with tabular data. Includes energy budget reports.
• Detailed Building Reports:These reports provide detailed month-by-month cost and energy use data for a building. Many combine graphics and tabular data in a single report. Includes a report documenting the calculation of each utility bill, showing monthly consumption, peak demand and time of peak demand data.
• Usage Profiles: Presents hourly profiles of electric power or fuel use for any range of days selected by the user. This report is available in both tabular and graphical formats and and can be exported in CSV format for use in spreadsheets. Useful for studying energy use patterns for the building.
• Monthly Simulation Results: Provides monthly and annual totals of coil loads and energy consumption for components in individual air systems and plants. Available in tabular and graphical formats and can be exported in CSV format for use in spreadsheets.
• Daily Simulation Results: Provides daily totals of coil loads and energy consumption for individual air systems and plants. Available in tabular, graphical and CSV formats.
• Hourly Simulation Results: Provides hourly coil load and energy performance data for individual air systems and plants. Available in tabular, graphical and CSV formats. Users may specify duration from 1 to 365 days in length. Graphical version is especially useful for studying both long and short-term performance trends for equipment.
• Zone Temperatures: Provides statistical data for air temperature levels in zones served by an air system. Useful for examining comfort levels and also troubleshooting system operating problems.
• Unmet Loads: Provides summary of hours when plant capacity is sufficient or is not sufficient to meet loads. Useful when troubleshooting equipment operating problems.

View Sample Reports

Perform accurate load calculations to ensure proper sizing of HVAC components.

• Uses ASHRAE Heat Balance load method.
• Models one 24-hour cooling design day for each month using ASHRAE recommended design weather data and clear sky solar radiation procedures.
• Models winter design peak heating condition.
• Calculates space and zone loads 24-hours a day for design days in each of the 12 months. In doing so it calculates heat flow for all room elements such as walls, windows, roofs, skylights, doors, lights, people, electrical equipment, non-electrical equipment, infiltration, floors and partitions considering time of day and time-of-year factors.
• Performs detailed simulation of air system operation to determine cooling coil loads and heating coil loads and other aspects of system performance 24-hours a day for design days in each of the 12 months.
• Automatically calculates heat flow in unconditioned occupiable spaces as well as ceiling spaces, return plenums, underfloor spaces and attics to evaluate the effect of these spaces on adjacent conditioned spaces.
• Automatically accounts for building self-shading. For example, in an L-shaped building, shading of one leg of the L by the other leg.
• Permits hourly and seasonal scheduling of occupancy, internal heat gains and fan and thermostat operation.

Analyze climate data to optimize HVAC system performance based on local weather conditions.

• Provides default design weather data for over 7,400 stations worldwide.
• Provides a library of simulation weather data for over 7,400 stations worldwide, matched automatically with design stations.
• Provides a visual, map-based interface for selecting weather stations.
• Offers option of importing simulation weather data from external files. Supports EnergyPlus EPW, NOAA TMY3, ASHRAE IWEC2 file formats.

Evaluate air distribution systems for efficiency and effectiveness in delivering comfort.

Equipment Types:  Packaged Rooftop Units | Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF)  |  Self-Contained Units  |  Split DX Air Handling Units  |  Chilled Water Air Handling Units  |  Packaged and Split DX Fan Coils  |  2-Pipe and 4-Pipe Fan Coils  |  Water Source, Ground Source and Groundwater Source Heat Pumps  |  Induction Beams and Active Chilled Beams

System Types:  Single Zone CAV  |  CAV with Terminal Reheat  |  Make-Up Air / Standalone DOAS  |  VAV and VAV with Reheat, Series Fan Powered Mixing Boxes, Parallel Fan Powered Mixing Boxes, or mixed terminals  |  VVT  |  Water Source Heat Pump (WSHP)  |  Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP)  |  Groundwater Source Heat Pump (GWSHP)  |  2-Pipe Fan Coil  |  4-Pipe Fan Coil  |  Packaged DX Fan Coil  |  Split DX Fan Coil  |  Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF), with and without heat recovery  |  Induction Beams  |  Active Chilled Beams  |  4-Pipe Induction

Configurable Controls & Components:  Supply air temperature reset  |  Ventilation airflow control  |  Demand Controlled Ventilation (DCV)  |  Dedicated Outside Air System (DOAS)  |  Outdoor air economizers  |  Air-to-air heat and energy recovery devices  |  Humidistats and humidifiers  |  Hot gas dehumidification reheat  |  Preheat and precool coils  |  Perimeter baseboard and fan coil heaters  |  2-pipe changeover controls

Model chilled water and hot water plants to ensure proper integration with HVAC systems.

Plant Types:  Chiller plants  |  Changeover plants (reversible chillers providing chilled water and hot water)  |  District chilled water  |  Heat recovery plants  |  Hot water boiler plants  |  Hot water plants using A2W or W2W heat pumps  |  Service hot water (SHW) plants  |  Steam boiler plants  |  District hot water  |  District steam
Chiller & Heat Pump Model Types:  Water-cooled centrifugal  |  Water-cooled rotary screw  |  Water-cooled packaged screw  |  Water-cooled packaged reciprocating  |  Water-cooled packaged scroll  |  Water-cooled single-effect absorption  |  Water-cooled double-effect absorption  |  Water-cooled direct-fired absorption  |  Water-cooled engine chiller  |  Air-cooled packaged screw  |  Air-cooled packaged reciprocating  |  Air-cooled packaged scroll  |  Water-to-water screw reversible chiller  |  Water-to-water scroll reversible chiller  |  Air-to-water scroll reversible chiller  |  Water-to-water screw heat pump  |  Water-to-water scroll heat pump  |  Air-to-water scroll heat pump
Chiller Plant Controls & Components:  Chiller plants can be configured with the following controls & components:  Multiple chillers in parallel  |  Three types of sequencing controls  |  Chilled water reset by demand-based reset or outdoor air schedule  |  Chilled water distribution systems including primary-only constant speed, primary-only variable speed and primary/secondary with variable speed secondary
Heat Rejection: Cooling Towers  |  Dry Coolers  |  Geo/Well Source
Cooling Tower Control: Fan cycling  |  2-speed fan  |  Variable speed fan or water bypass
Waterside Economizer for Water-Cooled Chillers: Integrated  |  Non-Integrated  |  Strainer Cycle
Waterside Economizer for Air-Cooled Chillers: Integrated  |  Non-Integrated
Chiller Performance Data:  Chiller performance data can be defined by:  Importing performance data for actual chiller selections from Carrier Electronic Catalog  |  Auto-generating performance data using the "Chiller Template" feature  |  Manually entering data
Heat Recovery Plants:  Dedicated heat recovery chiller (DHRC) in parallel with cooling only chillers  |  Air-cooled chiller with heat recovery condenser  |  Heat exchanger in the condenser loop  |  Dedicated heat recovery chiller (DHRC) in the condenser loop  |  Chiller with desuperheater  |  Chiller with double bundle condenser
Hot Water Controls & Components:   Multiple boilers, air-to-water heat pumps and/or water-to-water heat pumps in parallel  |  Three types of sequencing control  |  Hot water reset control based on demand or outdoor air temperature schedule  |  Hot water distribution systems including primary-only constant speed, primary-only variable speed or primary/secondary variable speed secondary  |  Ability to serve space heating loads only, or combined space heating and service hot water (SHW) loads

Incorporate utility rate structures to calculate energy costs and identify cost-saving opportunities.

• Provides latest EIA price data for electricity and gas for US States.
• Provides modular features for modeling detailed utility rate structures.
• Models five common types of electric energy charges: flat, seasonal or time of day, stepped kWh blocks, stepped kWh/kW blocks, compound blocks.
• Models demand charges for both electric and fuel rates.
• Permits seasonal and time-of-day energy and demand pricing to be defined.
• Models ratchet, trailing window, minimum power, power factor multiplier demand determination clauses.

• HAP energy modeling meets the minimum requirements for the Energy Cost Budget compliance path for ASHRAE Standard 90.1 and the Performance Rating Method for ASHRAE Standard 90.1.
• HAP has been tested according to procedures in ASHRAE Standard 140, Standard Method of Test of the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs.
• Allows the user to easily rotate the building orientation.
• Analyzes external shading from reveals, overhangs, fins.
• Extensive program help system, including tutorials and example problems.
• Unlimited HVAC zones per air system.
• Unlimited air systems and spaces per project.